APA

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APA(American Psychological Association) style is most frequently used within the social sciences, in order to cite various sources.  The APA Citation Guide, revised according to the 6th edition of the APA manual, provides the general format for in-text citations and the reference page

 

 Reference Pages in APA Format

The reference page should appear at the end of your APA paper. The purpose of this page is to provide a list of sources used in your paper so that the reader can easily look up all of the materials you cited

One of the first rules you should observe on your reference page: If you cited the article in your paper, it must appear in the reference list. Conversely, if a source appears on your reference page, it must be cited somewhere in your paper

Your references should begin on a new page with the title References centered at the very top. Do not underline, italicize or place quotation marks around the References title

Some More Basic Reference Page Rules

Your references should be alphabetized by the last names of the first author of each source

All references should be double-spaced

Each reference should use a hanging indentation: the first line of the reference should be flush left, but each additional line of the reference needs to be indented

In article titles, only the first letter should be capitalized. If a colon appears in the title, the first letter after the colon should also be capitalized. The title should not be placed in quotations, underlined or italicized

All major words in the title of a journal should be capitalized; i.e. The Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Longer works such as books and journals should appear in italics

In the case where the same author is cited multiple times for different works, start by listing these references in chronological order with the oldest reference appearing first and working your way up to the most recent one

Tables in APA Format

 

In APA format papers, tables are generally used to describe the results of statistical analysis and other pertinent quantitative data. However, it is important to note that tables are not simply used to replicate data that has already been presented in the text of the paper and not all data should be presented in a table. If you have little numeric information to present, it should be described in the text of your paper

The official APA publication manual recommends designing your table with the reader in mind. Strive to communicate data in a way that is clear and easy to understand

Basic Rules for Tables in APA Format

(All tables should be numbered (e.g. Table 1, Table 2, Table 3

Each table should have an individual title, italicized and presented with each word capitalized (except andinofwith, etc.). For example, Correlations Between Age and Test Scores. Try to ensure that your title is neither too general nor too specific

Each table should begin on a separate page

Horizontal lines can be used to separate information and make it clearer. Do not use vertical lines in an APA format table

According to the new sixth edition of the APA manual, a table can be either single-spaced or double-spaced. The key is to keep the table readable and the spacing consistent

All tables should be referenced in the text of the paper

Tables should be last, after your reference list and appendixes

You should use a font that is large enough to read without magnification

Focus on keeping your table concise. Too much extraneous information can overwhelm and confuse the reader. Stick to reporting the most important data

Remember that your table is there to supplement rather than replicate the text of your paper. Do not feel the need to discuss every element of your table in your text. Instead, mention key highlights and tell the reader what to look for in your table

Table Headings

Table headings should be located flush right

The first letter of each heading should be capitalized

Abbreviations for standard terms (e.g. M, SD, etc.) can be used without explanation. Uncommon definitions should be explained in a note below the table

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